Blast plan a written procedure that details the methods and manner by which a project blaster will comply with pertinent laws, rules, regulations, and contract documents. Optimization of drilling and blasting operations in an. Zongxian zhang, in rock fracture and blasting, 2016. Normally, the diameter of a borehole is limited by the capabilities of the drill used to. Blasthole drilling this module presents aspects of surface drilling that are important to blasting operations. In order to optimize performance and minimize costs, a thorough knowledge of drill and blast operations is, therefore, extremely important. Rotary drilling of primary drill holes, drilling patterns, and blasting techniques for use with slurry explosives are described. Blast pattern the plan view of the drill holes as laid out for blasting. The basic patterns of drill holes employed in opencast mines are square pattern staggered or triangular pattern single row blasting pattern multi blasting pattern wedge cut pattern diagonal blasting pattern square pattern. Blasting injuries in surface mining with emphasis on.
They are hired based on their experience, skill, and ability to complete the most challenging of jobs. The air speed or pressure of an air compressor is controlled by a pressure regulator. Basically, if the drilling goes bad and is off pattern, the entire blasting program will fail. In normal blasting all holes do not blast at the same time. Serious injuries and fatalities result from improper judgement or practice during rock blasting. Eb 15025 page 1 of 17 geotechnical engineering manual. Optimization of drilling and blasting operations in an open. Handbook on surface drilling and blasting download ebook. Blasting is a hazardous component of surface mining.
Scope this policy applies to all fcx employees and contractors involved in blasting activities. Drilling and the driller the best planning, figuring, calculations, and explosives are worthless if the area to be shot is not drilled properly and responsibly. Based out of deadwood, sd, we provide residential and commercial drilling and blasting, and serve much of western south dakota as well as parts of wyoming. Pdf in most of the openpit preciousmetal mines in nevada, there is no clear geological distinction between ore and waste material.
Thus, the success or failure of drill and blast methods cast a long shadow over the balance of the entire operations in mines. Introduction of improved methods regarding drilling and blasting in the mine should initiate a critical revision of the complete cycle of operation and efforts should. Drill depths are accounted for more accurately, making it easier to assign the right amount of explosives in blasting. For example, the specific charge at tunneling is 310 times higher than at bench blasting, depending on borehole deviation, tight. The drilling program will be based on 2 rows of 212 inch diameter holes drilled with a grid. By contrast, in the northeastern united states, hard rock formations exist in a relatively wet environment, where the explosives costs can be as much as 70 percent of the total drilling and blasting expense. Ring drilling and blasting is done from a series of sub level drill drifts. The firing pattern has to be designed so that each blasthole has free breakage. The result of rock blasting is often known as a rock cut. Drilling and blasting download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi.
Instrumentation is available today which can give different drilling data like penetration rate, drill hole depth, etc. Pdf drilling and blasting as a tunnel excavation method. Has anything changed since you last performed this task. This pattern can also be called as multi row pattern.
The purpose of drilling into rock is to provide a blasthole into which explosives can be loaded. It is practiced most often in mining, quarrying and civil engineering such as dam, tunnel or road construction. Respecs explosives engineering division specializes in solving critical drillingandblasting issues safely and effectively. Rock blasting and control overbreak fhwa us department of. Conventional drifting or tunneling by drilling and blasting method requires a much higher specific charge than ordinary production blasting such as bench blasting. In drilling, there is now available advanced use of gps guided drilling systems that continue to grow and improve precision and ef.
The firing sequence of a chevron pattern can radically alter the drilled burden and spacing into the blasted or effective burden be. Bench blasting is normally carried out as short delay blasting. Air blasting utilizes an air compressors energy to deliver airmedia mix at speeds and volumes to impact the parts being processed. Good drilling practices include carefully monitoring drill rig operating parameters, taking careful notes of the changes in geology.
Blasting injuries in surface mining with emphasis on flyrock. The vedco team has expertise in all aspects of drilling and blasting ranging from blast design, safety procedures, regulatory issues, and. This document provides a set of standards that will be addressed in site sops. University of rizona mining and geological engineering. Blaster training module 4 this module presents aspects of surface drilling that are important to blasting operations. Whether supplied as an independent service or integrated in a global blasting service, drilling and blasting is a fundamental link in the production chain.
Optimization of drilling and blasting operations in an open pit mine. The blast media type, shape, size, density, and hardness, along with media acceleration. Sites have varying levels of interaction with blasting contractors. Optimization of blasting parameters in opencast mines. The drill pattern is designed to cover off the ex tent of the ore in the stope.
This module presents recommended blastdesign practices for surface mine and quarry blasting. Nov 14, 2011 shot, edit, voiced, produced an introduction to drilling and blasting in the construction industry. International journal of surface mining, reclamation and environment. Andy volgraaff is the director and has over 21 years of experience in the drilling and blasting industry. The basic patterns of drill holes employed in opencast mines are. The emphasis is on the theory behind these drilling elements in order to develop a greater understanding of the principles involved in drilling a. Drilling and blasting is the controlled use of explosives and other methods such as gas. Similar sites and a study done by orica refer to appendix a ksmsabrex study show that a drill hole diameter of. Blasting vibrations could potentially damage adjacent, undetected paleontological resources. The purpose of this blasting is to provide projectspecific plan information concerning blasting procedures, including the safe use and storage of. Drilling and blasting is the controlled use of explosives and other methods such as gas pressure blasting pyrotechnics, to break rock for excavation. Virginia drilling company is the service arm of the business providing drilling, blasting or drilling and blasting services to our customer base. Drilling and blasting integrated onsite drilling and blasting services for about 25 years, epc groupes have proven their ability to take up the challenges of a profession in which performance is key to success.
Presplit blasting spacing hole diameter x 12 burden 0. The geomining technological institute of spain itce, aware of this progress and of the importance which the breakage process has acquired in mining and civil engineering projects, has ordered the publication of drilling and blasting of rocks. New gpsenabled applications have improved strata recognition. Drilling and blasting are fundamental operations in the mining cycle and constitute an important compo nent of mining costs 23. Are you building a new home and need a basement, water line or sewer tank blasted.
Total explosives in the blastvolume of rock blasted for kgtonne. Hence drilling and blasting are considered to be the first phase of the production cycle in most of the mining operations. The purpose of this blasting is to provide projectspecific plan. If so, when the cost in drilling and blasting is increased by a certain amount, the energy and cost in crushing and grinding might be largely reduced. According to the drilling and blasting excavation process of the. Shot, edit, voiced, produced an introduction to drilling and blasting in the construction industry. Pdf drilling and blasting practices in nevadas openpit mines. Blasting injuries in surface mining with emphasis on flyrock and blast area security abstract problem.
Before the blasting takes place, the drilling rig bores the drill holes determined in advance in a blasting plan in the foremst front wall of the tunnel working face. Blasters training modules module 4 blasthole drilling. American table of distances the quantitydistance table, prepared and approved by ime, for storage of explosive materials to determine safe distances from inhabited buildings, public highways, passenger railways, and other stored. Al drilling and blasting are experts in prospecting, blasthole drilling and blasting. Click download or read online button to get handbook on surface drilling and blasting book now. Click download or read online button to get drilling and blasting book now. New gpsenabled applications have improved strata recognition capabilities that help drill and blast engineers develop more appropriate and more suitable blast designs.
This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. The effectiveness of blasting can have a significant influence on all subsequent activities, and hence overall operating costs. Apr 21, 2012 drilling and blasting powerpoint 2003 1. Drilling engineering a distributed learning course forward the drilling engineering workbook is a correspondence distributed learning course which covers the important elements of drilling a well.
The basic patterns of drill holes employed in opencast. The more solid the rock, the more explosives are required. Rotary drilling and blasting in large surface mines crc. Blasting is the process where small angular or spherical particles are propelled at a part by compressed air, or mechanical high speed rotating wheels or water pumps.
This blasting plan describes the blasting operations that may occur during construction of the 650 project. University of rizona mining and geological engineering rock excavation mne 415 515. Apr 21, 2017 licensed to youtube by merlin africori on behalf of gallo record company. No drilling or digging shall be permitted until all missed holes have been addressed. Drilling rock and earth ence 420 assakkaf slide no. Problems associated with improper drilling and blasting practices can create losses of several millions of dollars per year.
Air blast the airborne shock wave or acoustic transient generated by an explosion. For example, the specific charge at tunneling is 310 times higher than at bench blasting, depending on borehole deviation, tight holes, lift of the. Could your company use a drilling or blasting contractor. Pdf blasting is considered most inefficient activity in mining operation due to heterogeneous nature of rock with variation in physical nature as. The vedco team has expertise in all aspects of drilling and blasting ranging from blast design, safety procedures, regulatory issues, and drill efficiency. Development of a new method for calculation of drillingand blasting operations parameters during underground mining with. Drilling and blasting are an essential part of most mining operations, and are commonly major operating cost centres. Chapter 9 general rock removal national park service. Drilling and blasting systems must be compatible with the overall mining method, to minimise total costs and ensure operational. Ring drilling and blasting is done from a series of sub level drill drifts developed in the ore body. Where drilling and blasting conditions are both severe, the operator should use premium explosives, at least in the bottom one third of the drill hole.
Therefore, considering the fact that open cut blasting is mostly successful in mines, it should be feasible to use a much higher specific charge such as 3. Good drilling practices include carefully monitoring drillrig operating parameters, taking careful notes of the changes in geology. Construction planning, equipment, chapter drilling rock. The development of drilling and blasting practice at. National institute of technology rourkela this is to certify that the thesis entitled optimization of blasting parameters in opencast mines submitted by sri manmit rout roll. Blasting excavation disturbance is an important influence factor to the inoculation and evolution of deep tunnel damaged zone.
Presplitting will add a large drilling cost to an operation. Purpose th is policy outlines minimum requirements for surface blasting at all fcx operations. The team combines their advanced knowledge of drilling and blasting with experience in mine planning and operations to provide a unique turnkey approach to improving drillingandblasting operations with a focus on improving overall mining unit costs. Blasting and explosives quick reference guide 2010. Andy volgraaff is the director and has over 21 years. Modern drilling and blasting techniques in underground mining. Drilling and blasting an overview sciencedirect topics. Licensed to youtube by merlin africori on behalf of gallo record company.